The comminuted ore is then subjected to wet high intensity magnetic separation at 3 in order to separate the magnetic chromite particles from the nonmagnetic gangue particles which contain a substantial portion of the platinum group metals in the ore.
Keywords: Ultra-fine chromite tailings, Magnetic separation, Characterization, Chromite 1. Introduction Chromite recoveries is a major concern particularly in processing of finely disseminated ores due to its inherent complexities. The gravity separation process is the main beneficiation process used to recover chromite mineral. However,
A good knowledge of the flotation behaviour of chromite and the establishment of conditions for its selective separation from the gangue minerals might help the future exploitation of chromite ...
The world supply and reserves of chromite or chrome ore (FeCr 2 O 4 ) have been dominated mainly by South Africa and the ex-USSR, which made chromite a strategic material in many
This review shows that surface dissolution can effectively improve the selective separation of mineral ores via flotation and suggests that if economics favors upgrading ore by surface dissolution, this technique should be seriously considered as the suitable pretreatment for selective flotation.
The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of copper sulphate and the collectors, sodium isobutyl xanthate and dithiophosphate on the flotability of chromite in …
Chromite spinel can be up to 4% by mass in a UG2 concentrate, ... The milled PGM ore is treated using gravity separators and flotation cells; ... 4.2. PGM ore smelting. To separate the PGM-rich sulphides from the gangue minerals, smelting is used.
Maximum flotation of chromite occurs in the region where CuOH+ is formed, suggesting high concentrations of copper ions on the chromite surface lead to adsorption of xanthate and dithiophosphate and subsequent flotation.
This online calculator helps you on how to calculate or estimate either what size/volume flotation cell and well as conditioning tank + how many flotation cells your bank needs to accommodate the retention time you need. Design Retention time is usually obtained from laboratory testwork and proper use of Lab-to-Plant flotation scale-up …
The physico-chemical interactions among minerals such as olivine, chromite and serpentine; the most commonly present ions in solution such as Ca and Mg; and flotation reagents such as EDTA and oleic acid were investigated. The study was conducted via release tests, electro-phoretic measurements and microflotation of selected minerals …
Suitable for deposits of vertical or near-vertical plane at an angle >angle of repose of broken ore. e.g., chromite ore, copper, lead, zinc, etc. ... magnetic separation, flotation, etc. In general, the beneficiation process circuit design varies from deposit to deposit and is tailored based on the mineral characteristics like mineral ...
Tests were made on Chromite ore, table concentrate and tailing which were shippel from the Sterrett mine, one of the most promising chromite deposits in the Eastern …
The selective flotation of chromite minerals of any chromite ore have some difficulties due to dissolved cations from gangue minerals. By this work, selective flotation of various …
The beneficiation of platinum group metals (PGMs) from pristine (unweathered) sulfide ores has conventionally been conducted through froth flotation, which typically achieves platinum recoveries ...
The flotation process is a separation technique primarily used in mineral processing for the recovery of minerals ... In a flotation cell, the size of air bubbles decreases with increasing the frother concentration. ... Cyclic alcohols are used in copper ore flotation as secondary (supporting) collectors. ...
Request PDF | Effects of frother type and froth height on the flotation behaviour of chromite in UG2 ore | About 70% of the UG2 reef consists of the gangue mineral chromite (FeO · Cr2O3). In the ...
It appears, then, that the manner in which the chromite ore is treated prior to flotation is of substantial importance in subsequent flotation. Even how long the ore has been stockpiled prior to flotation is likely to be of importance. Among the gangue minerals studied (olivine, diopside, hedenbergite, bronzite) it appears that olivine is the ...
Froth flotation is an essential processing technique for upgrading low-grade ores. Flotation separation would not be efficient without chemical surfac…
Conventional froth flotation using cells such as that shown in Fig. 16.2-1 usually fail in processing micron-1 ... the separation of apatite from iron ore at LKAB, Malmberget, Sweden. ... chromite. inMI. and titanium),s-il and the …
The efficacy of flotation separation is dependent on the effective liberation of the valuable minerals for reagent attachment. ... grinding was achieved via inert grinding media stirred mills (i.e. IsaMills) followed by the use of conventional flotation cells. ... i.e. chrome ores or PGM-chromite containing tailings – in the BIC (Setlhabi et ...
However, its effectiveness depends on the type of frothers used. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of 2 Senfroth frothers, XP200 and XP 516 on the flotation of black mountain ore to recover copper …
Table of Contents This report describes an investigation by the Bureau of Mines of flotation techniques for the recovery of chromite from fine-grained disseminated ores. Reported work on the concentration of chromiferous materials shows that flotation has been applied almost exclusively to slime-free pulps. Therefore, chromium recoveries …
Highlights • Chromite recovery from UG2 tailings by physical separation and flotation was studied. • Desliming, magnetic separation and acidic flotation (pH2.5) …
For copper oxide ores that contain weak magnetic copper-bearing minerals, such as libethenite, and copper-bearing limonite, after sulfidization flotation, the flotation tailings can be reseparated by high-gradient magnetic separation.
In this review, studies on the interactive effect among minerals on the flotation of iron ores, magnesite ores, and scheelite ores are summarized, and the …
GTEK Flotation Cell Description. Flotation machine, which is also called flotation separator, can be used to achieve specific separations from complex ores such as lead-zinc, copper-zinc, etc.
"The Upper Group 2 (UG2) reef in the Bushveld Complex in South Africa hosts an estimated 40% of the world's Platinum Group Metal (PGM) resources. The processing of this ore via flotation poses two particular challenges: limiting the levels of chromite in the concentrate to reduce downstream smelting problems, and enhancing …
Froth flotation is a highly versatile method for physically separating particles based on differences in the ability of air bubbles to selectively adhere to specific mineral surfaces …
According to McFadzean et al., the presence of chromite in the flotation concentrate by entrainment could lead to issues for the downstream smelting processes or inefficiency in the selective flotation of chromite. In contrast, the Platreef ore consists of a complex collection of pyroxenites, serpentinites, and calc-silicates.
Flotation machines, in general, may be categorized into four different classes: (i) mechanical or con-ventional cells; (ii) energy-intensive pneumatic cells; (iii) column cells; and (iv) froth separators. Of these, mechanical otation cells have dominated the min- …
This paper describes the results of a series of physical separation, and chromite bench flotation tests that have been carried out at acidic and natural pH respectively, on UG2 tailings from Pilanesberg Platinum Mines (PPM) on the western limb of the Bushveld Complex in South Africa. ... flowsheet for recovery of PGMs from the …
Copper ore flotation is a crucial process in the mining industry for the extraction of copper from its ores. Flotation involves the separation of valuable minerals from the gangue, and it is a key ...
Chromite is an important strategic mineral usually associated with other gangue minerals, mainly silicates. A good knowledge of the flotation behaviour of chromite and the establishment of conditions for its selective separation from the gangue minerals might help the future exploitation of chromite deposits.
More ores are treated using froth flotation cells than by any other single machines or process. Non-metallics as well as metallics now being commercially recovered include gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, iron, manganese, nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, graphite, phosphate, fluorspar, barite, feldspar and coal. Recent flotation research …
Flotation has been widely used in mineral processing for the separation and concentration of mineral ores by exploiting the differences in hydrophobicity of the various minerals in the ores. Each year, more than a billion tons of sulphide ores are beneficiated via flotation throughout the world [1–3].
Due to the diversity of the geological aspects between the copper ore deposit, which implies different structures between the chemical and physical conditions of these, in addition to various configurations that make up the flotation cells between concentrate plants, it is interesting to replicate this study in other mining plants, in order …
This article will review advances in PGM extraction, including developments in semi-autogenous and fully autogenous milling; flotation equipment applications for treating high-chrome ores ...
Tests can be conducted in these cells under controlled chemical con-ditions. Tests in a Hallimond tube cell, shown schematicallyin Fig. 16.2-2. require only about I g of the …
Chromite and talc are two major gangue minerals in platinum bearing UG2 ore processed from the Bushveld Complex in South Africa. During flotation, talc is effectively depressed by the addition of ...
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